The following terms and concepts in boldface (as well as other basic ideas indicated in these review questions) will cover the concept of Medieval Music. You should know all of these terms, including their (1) spelling, (2) pronunciation, and (3) definition, and be able to use them correctly in speaking and writing about music.

Dictionary definitions may be found in the GLOSSARY of your textbook (p. 455-466) various online resources, including Cengage's MindTap (if you have access to that non-required resource), and you may also use reference works such as The Norton/Grove Concise Encyclopedia of Music (UCF Library REF ML 100 .N8 1988), The New Harvard Dictionary of Music (REF ML 100 .N485 1986), the Harvard Concise Dictionary of Music (REF ML 100 .H36 1999), or other similar brief dictionaries of music found in that area of the library. For an extended explanation of any term or other general topic in music, look at The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians II (REF ML 100 .N48 2001), which is also available as an online database (look for "Oxford Music Online" on the UCF Library list of "Databases Titles" to find an online version of the Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians).

Do not forget to look at the PowerPoint slides associated with the lectures on these materials.

Chapter Four : Medieval Music, 476-1450

1. What is the dominant social/politcal institution of the (European) Middle Ages (especially for the history of music in this era), and why was that so?

Music in the Monastery

2. What is a monastery (or convent), who inhabited these places, and what sorts of musical activites took place there?
3. What is the mass and how might it have been "performed"?
4. What is Gregorian chant. and what are its primary sounding traits? What are the presumed orgins of this music?
5. How was music notated in the Middle Ages? What are neumes?
6. Know the Listening Guide (p. 55)? How is this example representative of chant? What are some of its sounding traits (how would you describe this example)?
7. Who is Hildegard of Bingen, and why is she remembered in the history of music? What sorts of things beyond music did she do?
8. Know the Listening Guide (p. 57)? How is this example representative of chant? What are some of its sounding traits (especially in comparison to the previous example)?

Music in the Cathedral

9. What is a cathedral, who worked in that place, and how was the building used?
10. What is the gothic style, what does that mean in terms of hte interior of a cathedral, and how might this have affected the way music sounded in the cathedral?
11. Why is the cathedral of Notre Dame of Paris important in the history of music?
12. Who was Perotinus (or simply Perotin), and what advance(s) in music did he create?
13. What is organum, and what advance in notation makes this music possible?
14. Know the Listening Guide (p. 59)? How is this example representative of organum? What are some of its sounding traits (how would you describe this example)?
15. Why is the cathedral of Notre Dame of Reims important in the history of music?
16. Who was Guillaume de Machaut, and what important musical work did he create?
17. In general terms, what are the ordinary and proper of the mass (and other liturgical items)?
18. Know the Listening Guide (p. 60)? What is signifacnt or unique about this example, especially in comparison to all other sacred music of the Middle ages? What are some of its sounding traits (how would you describe this example)?

Music at the Court

19. How does secular music differ from sacred music in the Middle ages? Why does relatively less secular music survive from that time?
20. Who are troubadours and trovéres, where did they work and perform, and what sorts of music did they create?
21. Know the Listening Guide (p. 62)? How is this example different from sacred music of the Middle ages, and how might it be similar (How might you differentiate the two genres)? What are some of its sounding traits (how would you describe this example)?
22. Know the Listening Guide (p. 64-5)? How is this example different from sacred music of the Middle ages, and how might it be similar (How might you differentiate the two genres)? What are some of its sounding traits (how would you describe this example)?