OBJECTIVE: In lieu of a full-fledged independent research project in music history (this semester), you will read, study, and report on a scholarly article or essay, i.e., a single piece of research directed at an audience of professional musicians and scholars. The purpose of this project is to prepare you for independent research in more advanced music history courses.

In this project you will do the following:

• Choose an article from the list below.
• Read and study the article.
• Write a summary description of the article, especially as it relates to the MUH 3633 course content.
• Submit a single neat copy of the written description.

STEP 1: Choose an Article and Acquire a Copy of It

1. Select at least three articles from the list below.
2. Submit your three choices (in order of preference) to me via email, and wait for my approval before proceeding with the project. NB., When submitting your choices, give the full author & brief title citations.
3. NB. Only one individual may read any particular article, with choices approved on a "first come" basis.
4. Choices will be approved within about 48 hours (or possibly sooner), and those articles will removed from the list of available articles. If all of your choices are taken, you will be advised to re-submit three new choices from the remaining articles. The process continues until everyone has an article.
5. After your choice has been approved, acquire an electronic copy of your chosen article (see the instructions below), which may be printed for marking as you read. You may wish to retain a PDF copy for viewing color images, etc.

STEP 2: Read and Study Your Article

1. Read the article at least twice, and for some passages, several more times. The first time through, read for the general flow and structure of the article. What information is presented or what argument is put forth, and how? Note especially any references to people, places, concepts, musical or non-musical terms, etc., with which you may not be familiar. Be sure to look at the footnotes, since they may explain unfamiliar material or guide you to sources that will explain such materials.
2. After your first time through the article, look up any unfamiliar terms, etc. You need not do extensive research on these new or unfamiliar terms, but you must know enough to understand the article when you re-read it. For basic music information, use:
   • The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians II (Use the electronic version of this item in the Oxford Music Online database via the UCF Library "Articles and Databases").
   • Another potential source of information is The Grove Dictionary of American Music (REF ML101 .U6 N48 2013)
   • Other music reference tools found in the REF ML100 area of the library.
   • For non-music terms, etc., look in any general encyclopedia, e.g., Britannica, Americana, etc., or in a more specialized reference work.
   • If you are unable to locate what you need in these or other basic sources, ask me. I will help you, but only if you can show me a list of the sources that you have already consulted. (Keep track of any research that you do.)
3. Re-read the essay (or portions of it) as many times as necessary until you really understand it. Pay closer attention to the details as you become more familiar with the essay. What evidence is put forth to support the argument? Is there any real evidence, or just supposition? How does the author proceed from one point to the next in the argument? Is the author's reasoning flawed, is evidence missing, or do things just not add up? In short, read with a skeptical and critical eye (as does any scholar). Something is not true just because it's in print.
4. When you have read and re-read the article to the point that you believe you truly understand it, you are ready to write your report.

STEP 3: Write a Report on Your Article

1. Your report will do four (4) things:
   • First, summarize the contents of the article and its manner of presentation, i.e., what does the author say and how.
   • Second, relate this article back to what you have learned about the history of music in the United States. Does this article confirm what you know from Crawford/Hamberlin, or does it challenge or contradict what you thought you learned?
   • Third, give a general opinion of the article, covering such aspects as (a) how well or poorly written the essay was, (b) the logic and structure of the author's argument, (c) the significance of this article, or (d) any other general comments that you care to make.
   • Fourth, demonstrate your ability to document materials used in the creation of your paper, i.e., you will provide a minimum of two (2) footnotes, properly formatted according to the rules of Holoman's Style Sheet, to sources of your choice.
2. The format of your (electronic) paper will be as follows:
   • Typed double-space in 12-point type on white, 8-1/2" by 11" paper, with 1" margins on all 4 sides of the text.
   • A title page, listing your name, a title that includes the name of the article that you read, e.g., "A report/commentary on . . .", my name, the name of this course, and the date on which you submit your report.
   • You are encouraged to include footnotes, especially if you quote or cite extensively from any particular sources (including your article). NB. Failure to cite borrowed or paraphrased materials is plagiarism and may be reported to the Office of Student Conduct.
3. Your paper must include a minimum of two (2) footnotes, as follows:
   • The formatting of the footnotes must follow the rules outlined in: D. Kern Holoman, A Style Sheet, 3rd ed. (Oakland, California : University of California Press, [2014]), which is available as an eBook via the UCF Library.
   • At least one footnote must refer to the article that you are discussing.
   • If the second footnote refers to that same article, it must be a "short form" note.
   • Otherwise, all subsequent footnotes should be formatted as full notes, with complete citations to the external sources.
   • You are encouraged to document all of your sources as carefully as possible.
4. The content of your paper should be roughly as follows:
   • 1-2 page(s) of introduction (maximum)
   • 2-4 pages that summarize the article
   • 1-2 pages that relate the article to your general knowledge of music history in the United States
   • 1-2 page(s) that summarizes your opinions of the content, logic, quality, and significance of the article.
5. The minimum acceptable length is 1,000 words (about 4-5 pages, not counting the title page or any bibliography page). While there is no absolute maximum, you should try not to exceed 1,500 words. Excessively long papers may be down-graded for failing to focus their contents.

STEP 4: Submitting Your Report and Grading Criteria

• DUE DATE: Your final version of this summary is due by the end of the day (5:00 pm) on Friday, 3 April 2020. NB., You must submit your paper as an electronic file in an email attachment, only as a WORD document. NB., Items submitted as a PDF or which require me to register for or use a web page to acquire will receive an automatic 5-point penalty.
• This project will count for 10% of your course grade.
• Within the project itself, the grade will be determined and awarded by the following:
  • 30% on general format, including such basic matters as grammar and spelling, as well as the clarity and logic of your writing.
  • 20% on the inclusion of the two footnotes and their correct formatting.
  • 50% on the quality of your summarization and interpretation of the article.

Potential Essays (updated 23 MAR '20, 9:00 pm)

All articles listed below are available electronically via the UCF Library. Follow the instructions for each particular journal to find specific titles. Do sample articles and read abstracts before making your choices.

JSAM = Journal of the Society for American Music, published for the Society by Cambridge University Press. Access the journal by searching the full title ("Journal of the Society for American Music") in the UCF Library as a "Journal Title." On the full page display, look for (and click) "Click here for FULL TEXT from Cambridge Journals Online" to reach the journal's home page. Use the "all issues" link to access a list of the issues, with links to the individual articles. See the abstract under each article for a summary of its contents, and use the PDF link to download a copy of the article.

AM = American Music, published by the University of Illinois Press. Access the journal by searching the full title ("American Music") in the UCF Library as a "Journal Title." On the resulting pop-up page display, choose either the "JSTOR" link for the earliest volumes (v. 1-28), or Project Muse for the very latest issues (v. 27 to present). Use the PDF link to download a copy of the article.

• Barnett, Joshua Rush. "The Brandstetter Tunebook: Shape-Note Dissemination and the Germans of Western Maryland." AM 33, Nr. 2 (Summer 2015): 176-218.
• Brooks, Tim. "'Might Take One Disc of This Trash as a Novelty': Early Recordings by the Fisk Jubilee Songers...." AM 18, Nr. 3 (Fall 2000): 278-317.
• Brown, Gwynne Kuhner. "Whatever Happened to William Dawson's Negro Folk Symphony?" JSAM 6, Nr. 4 (Nov 2012): 433-456.
• Bruhn, Christopher. "Taking the Private Public: Amateur Music-making and the Musical Audience in 1860s New York." AM 21, Nr. 3 (Fall 2003): 260-290.
• Bungert, Heike. "The Singing Festivals of German Americans, 1849-1914." AM 34, Nr. 2 (Summer 2016): 141-179. - S. Smallwood
• Camus, Raoul F. "The Inspector of Music Meets the French." JSAM 8, Nr. 4 (Nov. 2014): 479-500.
• Camp, Gregory. "Mickey Mouse Muzak: Shaping Experience Musically at Walt Disney World." JSAM 11, Nr. 1 (Feb. 2017): 53-69. - S. Abel
• Cockrell, Dale. "William Johnson: Barber, Musician, Parable." AM 32, Nr. 1 (Spring 2014): 1-23.
• Cohen, Norm. "The 'Forget-Me-Not Songsters' and Their Role in the American Folksong Tradition." AM 23, Nr. 2 (Summer 2005): 137-219.
• Davis, James A. "Music and Gallantry in Combat During the American Civil War." AM 28, Nr. 2 (Summer 2010): 141-172.
• Döhl, Frédéric. "From Harmonic Style to Genre: The Early History (1890s-1940s) of the Uniquely American Musical Term Barbershop." AM 32, Nr. 2 (Summer 2014): 123-171. - M. Evans
• Garber, Michael. "'Some of These Days' and the Study of the Great American Songbook." JSAM 4, Nr. 2 (May 2010): 175-214.
• Gerk, Sarah. "Common Joys, Sorrows, Adventures, and Struggles": Transnational Encounters in Amy Beach's 'Gaelic' Symphony." JSAM 10, Nr. 2 (May 2016): 149-180.
• Gibbons, William. "'Yankee Doodle' and Nationalism, 1780-1920." AM 26, Nr. 2 (Summer 2008): 246-274. - R/ Leydon
• Goodman, Glenda. "Transatlantic Contrafacta, Musical Formats, and the Creation of Political Culture in Revolutionary America. JSAM 11, Nr.4 (Nov. 2017): 392-419
• Graham, Sandra. "'On the Road to Freedom': The Contracts of the Fisk Jubilee Singers." AM 24, Nr. 1 (Spring 2006): 1-29. - Klavins
• Haines, Kathryn Miller. "Stephen Foster's Music in Motion Pictures and Television." AM 30, Nr. 3 (Fall 2012): 373-388. - K. Trent
• Hildebrand, David K. "Bicentenary Essay: Two National Anthems? Some Reflections on the Two Hundredth Anniversary of "The Star-Spangled Banner" and its Forgotten Partner, 'The Battle of Baltimore'." AM 32, Nr. 3 (2014): 253-271.
• Howe, Warren P. "Early American Military Music." AM 17, Nr. 1 (Spring 1999): 87-117. - D. Alexander
• Howland, John. "Jazz Rhapsodies in Black and White: James P. Johnson's 'Yamekraw'." AM 24, Nr. 4 (Winter 2006): 445-509. - N. Mosca
• Jenkins, Chadwick. "A Question of Containment: Duke Ellington and Early Radio." AM 26, Nr. 4 (Winter 2008): 415-441. - T. McGurk
• Kirk, Elise K. "Charlotte Le Pelletier's Journal of Musick (1810): A New Look at French Culture in Early America ." AM 29, Nr. 2 (Summer 2011): 203-228.
• Knighton, Elizabeth Juliana. "Mary Davenport Engberg: Pioneering Musician in a Bachelors' Frontier." JSAM 5, Nr. 3 (Aug. 2011): 365-394.
• Lewis, Hannah. "'The Realm of Serious Art': Henry Hadley's Involvement in Early Sound Film." JSAM 8, Nr. 3 (Aug. 2014): 285-310.
• Magee, Jeffrey. "Before Louis: When Fletcher Henderson Was the 'Paul Whiteman of the Race'." AM 18, Nr. 4 (Winter 2000): 391-425.
• McKnight, Mark. "Chirivaris, Cowvellions, and Sheet Iron Bands: Nineteenth-Century Rough Music in New Orleans." AM 23, Nr. 4 (Winter 2005): 407-425. - C. Cobb
• Metzelaar, Helen. "Rosa de Vries: A Dutch Diva and Nineteenth-Century Trans-Atlantic Operatic Culture." JSAM 8, Nr. 2 (May 2014): 167-188.
• Miller, Bonny H. "Augusta Browne: From Musical Prodigy to Musical Pilgrim in Nineteenth-Century America." JSAM 8, Nr. 2 (May 2014): 189-218.
• Miller, Kiri. "'First Sing the Notes': Oral and Written Traditions in Sacred Harp Transmission." AM 22, Nr. 4 (Winter 2004): 475-501. - A. Ariani
• Morgan, Elizabeth. "War on the Home Front: Battle Pieces for the Piano from the American Civil War." JSAM 9, Nr. 4 (Nov. 2015): 381-408.
• Music, David W. "Early New England Psalmody and American Folk Hymns in the Tune Books of Thomas Hastings." JSAM 10, Nr. 3 (Aug. 2016): 270-303. - C. Almonte
• Norris, Renee Lapp. "Opera and the Mainstreaming of Blackface Minstrelsy" JSAM 1, Nr. 3 (Aug. 2007): 341-365. - S. Sharrieff
• Platte, Nathan. "Before Kong Was King: Competing Methods in Hollywood Underscore." JSAM 8, Nr. 3 (Aug. 2014): 311-337. - G, Henriquez Cabrera
• Pruett, Laura Moore. "Porch and Playhouse, Parlor and Performance Hall: Traversing Boundaries in Gottschalk's The Banjo. JSAM 11, Nr. 2 (May 2017): 155.183. - H. White
• Rice, Marc. "Prelude to Swing: The 1920s Recordings of the Bennie Moten Orchestra." AM 25, Nr. 3 (Fall 2007): 259-281.
• Rodger, Gillian. "Legislating Amusements: Class Politics and Theater Law in New York City." AM 20, Nr. 4 (Winter 2002): 381-398.
• Sanders, Paul D. "The Temperance Songs of Stephen C. Foster." AM 34, Nr. 3 (Fall 2016): 279-300.
• Shadle, Douglas. "Louis Moreau Gottschalk's Pan-American Symphonic Ideal." AM 29, Nr. 4 (Winter 2011): 443-471. - R. Greenlee
• Smolko, Joanna R. "Southern Fried Foster: Representing Race and Place through Music in Looney Tunes Cartoons." AM 30, Nr. 3 (Fall 2012): 344-372. - J. Ambrocio
• Thompson, Bruce C. "Journeys of an Immigrant Violinist: Jacques Oliveira in Civil War-Era New York and New Orleans." JSAM 6, Nr. 1 (2012): 51-82. - J. Wong
• Vermazen, Bruce. "'Those Entertaining Frisco Boys': Hedges Brothers and Jacobson." JSAM 7, Nr. 1 (Feb. 2013): 29-63.
• Warfield, Patrick. "Educators in Search of an Anthem: Standardizing "The Star-Spangled Banner" During the First World War." JASM 12, Nr. 3 (Aug. 2018): 268-316. - V. Artusa
• Warfield, Patrick. "John Philip Sousa and 'The Menace of Mechanical Music'." JASM 3, Nr. 4 (Nov. 2009): 431-463. - N. Reeves
• Warfield, Patrick. "Making the Band: The Formation of John Philip Sousa's Ensemble." AM 24, Nr. 1 (Spring 2006): 30-66. - E. Matos
• Wells, Paul F. "Elias Howe, William Bradbury Ryan, and Irish Music in Nineteenth-Century Boston." JSAM 4, Nr. 4 (Nov. 2010): 401-420.
• Wise, Timothy. "Lullabies, Laments, and Ragtime Cowboys: Yodeling at the Turn of the Twentieth Century." AM 26, Nr. 1 (Spring 2008): 13-36. - M. Dyckoff
• Woodard, Patricia. "'Flee as a Bird': Mary Dana Shindler's Legacy." AM 26, Nr. 1 (Spring 2008): 74-103.
• Wriggle, John. "Jazzing the Classics: Race, Modernism, and the Career of Arranger Chappie Willet." JSAM 6, Nr. 2 (2012): 175-209. - E. Saumell
• Yardley, Anne Bagnall. "Choirs in the Methodist Episcopal Church, 1800-1860." AM 17, Nr. 1 (Spring 1999): 39-65.